Household contact ARs ranged from a low of 47.5% (19 of 40) when the index patient was aged 511 years to a high of 72.0% (18 of 25) when the index patient was aged 04 years. All but one of the 183 included households had sequence-confirmed Omicron; this one household had probable Omicron through variant specific qPCR in which the specimen had mutations consistent with the Omicron variant (K417N+ and L452R). Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Should indoor mask mandates come back? provided as a service to MMWR readers and do not constitute or imply The volume of droplets used in the lab research five microlitres might sound small, but it's "actually huge compared to droplets we usually spew out," she said. Add some good to your morning and evening. Higher outdoor wind speeds on warmer days were associated with up to a 45% lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in social gatherings. The symptoms arent always as similar as you might think. When an . Yes, you can get BA.5 outdoors, but you could also contract other COVID variants outside, says Thomas Russo, M.D., professor and chief of infectious disease at the University at Buffalo in New. Wen: Absolutely. Research before the emergence of the delta variant indicated that the risk of getting infected with the coronavirus was up to 20 times lower outside compared to inside and the chance of. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. The second thing to think about is, what is your medical situation and the circumstances of others in your household? How to Have a Sick Day When You Cant Actually Call Off Work. Omicron sublineages are still increasing and cause increased transmission and infect Persons with sequence-confirmed Omicron variant infections during November 2021February 2022 were identified from four U.S. jurisdictions (Chicago, Illinois; Connecticut; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and Utah) and contacted by telephone to assess eligibility of the household to participate in the investigation. A household was eligible if the index patient did not live in a congregate setting and did live with at least one other person for most of their potentially infectious period, defined as 2 days before through 10 days after the index date (the date of the index patients positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification test result or antigen test result or symptom onset, whichever occurred first). How does COVID-19 spread between people? When it comes to COVID, the outdoors are great for two main reasons: there's plenty of fresh air outside, and you have more space to keep a distance, Milton says. To Patel, for small group settings to be safe, people cant be shouting (COVID spreads more when people are singing or yelling), you must be able to maintain some distance from others, and everyone should be following public health measures like hand-washing. Five studies described influenza transmission outdoors and 2 adenovirus transmission outdoors. With the global evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), for almost 2 years, various control strategies have been utilized around the world. Testing prior to getting together with others tells people if they are infectious and need to avoid the gathering. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7109e1. "So the safest place you can be [with other people] is still going to be outdoors," she says. Rodney E. Rohde, PhD, a virologist and professor of clinical laboratory science at Texas State University, tells SELF that many people have seen the outdoors as a get out of jail free cardbut that has never really been the case. Multicomponent COVID-19 prevention strategies, including up-to-date vaccination, isolation of infected persons, and mask use at home, are important to reduce Omicron transmission in household settings. Household contacts were defined as any persons who spent one or more overnights in the residence with the index patient during their potentially infectious period. The risk of outdoor transmission is exponentially lower than indoor transmission, and a well-ventilated, less crowded space also has much lower risk than people packed together in an unventilated space. Here, experts discuss just how contagious BA.5 isand how you can go the extra step to protect yourself, even during outdoor activities this summer. Then came Omicron, with an reproductive rate almost twice as large: 9.5. Outdoor airflow has done a good job dispersing pathogens. Of course, omicron is the most transmissible variant yet. "It can happen outside," says Dr. Don Milton, an infectious disease aerobiologist at the University of Maryland School of Public Health. As statistics show, the highest rate of COVID-19 transmission occurs in indoor settings. In order to outcompete, successful COVID variants have become more transmissible with time. An index patient with a probable COVID-19 case was the first person with onset of any symptom consistent with COVID-19, but without a positive SARS-CoV-2 test confirmation, reported in a household. Early contact tracing studies detected far more indoor transmission of the coronavirus than outdoor. Outdoor transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses is possible, but the odds are much lower than indoor transmission, according to a recent study."We wanted to better. By submitting a comment, you accept that CBC has the right to reproduce and publish that comment in whole or in part, in any manner CBC chooses. Most. ** An index patient with a confirmed COVID-19 case was the first person with a positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification test result or antigen test result (through local or home testing) reported in a household. And, while outdoor gatherings are still considered safer, there are some cases in. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. Persons who only had signs or symptoms (and no positive SARS-CoV-2 test result) were considered to have a probable case. How Omicron spreads so fast is the question of the moment. Jurisdictions identified persons who were considered potentially eligible for participation through obtaining laboratory line lists of persons who had sequence-confirmed Omicron (B.1.1.529 lineage and its sublineages) or whose sequencing results were pending. In any community where transmission is very intense, I would say its best to be in small groups, Patel said. Views equals page views plus PDF downloads. Data from South Africa found that two doses of the vaccine provided up to 87% of protection against hospitalization with BA.5, as Bloomberg reported. A CDC study showed how a surgical mask could reduce risk of exposure to the wearer by nearly 65% by double-knotting the loops and tucking in the sides of the mask to close gaps. Overall, spending time outside is "a safer mechanism of prevention against COVID" because of the unlimited ventilation. Wen: Not necessarily. BA.5's mutations have also allowed it to sneak past the body's immune system more easily. If you're immunocompromised yourself, Lighter adds, wear a face mask indoors or in a particularly . Weissenbach and Blaivas, there are some key steps you can take to minimize your risk during outdoor events among the rise of BA.5 cases. And playing outdoors, Malani notes, is great for kids building snow structures and sledding in parts of the country that are now shivering in winter temperatures. Ventilation is very important. No, thankfully. and/or the original MMWR paper copy for printable versions of official text, figures, and tables. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. Earlier this week the CDC updated its recommendations to encourage a second COVID-19 booster shot for certain immunocompromised individuals and people over the age of 50 who received an initial booster dose at least 4 months ago. Regular sanitization of toys and other items in daycares and schools where children are at play may also be helpful, he said, given how often kids put items directly in their mouths. Corresponding authors: Julia M. Baker, nwk0@cdc.gov; Jasmine Y. Nakayama, qdt2@cdc.gov. 2022 CBS Broadcasting Inc. All Rights Reserved. . Dr. Dumois: The Omicron variant is far more contagious than anything we ve seen with this coronavirus, so this is very much a different virus than any of the variants we have seen before. Ensuring you are able to distance even in an outdoor setting can only help reduce the risk of spread, Roberts stated. Even so, he said the findings suggest it's worth being cautious. If you are high-risk or have close contact with someone who is high risk, wear a mask indoors, even if you're just running inside to use the restroom or grab something quickly from a store. Study participants who contributed their time and information; Olivia Almendares, Sarah E. Smith-Jeffcoat, Emeka Oraka, CDC; Charles Powell, Avery Gartman, Connecticut Department of Public Health; Ashley Becht, Hallie Hutchison, Eugene Olshansky, Rachel Berg, Adrianna Koczwara, Lisa Addis, Michael Deneufbourg, Sarah Love, Isaac Ghinai, Peter Ruestow, Shamika Smith, Daniel Liguori, Frances Lendacki, Janna Kerins, Stephanie Black, Chicago Department of Public Health; Stefan Green, Hannah Barbian, Sofiya Bobrovska, Regional Innovative Public Health Laboratory, Chicago Department of Public Health and Rush University; Barbara Cuene, Stephen Fendt, Jennifer Lares, Carri Marlow, Nandhu Balakrishnan, Katherine Akinyemi, Addie Skillman, Milwaukee Health Department; Leisha Nolen, Alexis Molina, Shai Miguel, Alix Elliston, April Jorgensen, Austin Newbold, Garnet Kwader, Sam Andersen, Utah Department of Health. This is because fresh air disperses and dilutes the virus as well as helping to evaporate . Being outside, Wallace points out, only helps improve one of the variables for Covid risk: ventilation. The main way people get infected, most leading public health officials and scientists now agree, isthrough exposure to this virus through the air, not through contaminated surfaces known scientifically as "fomites.". The protective measures we talked about early in the pandemic still work against Omicron. It also helps to evaporate the liquid droplets in which it is. The questions below are written in past tense to help you assess the likelihood that you were infected when you were around a person with COVID-19. The median interval between index patient onset date and household contact onset date was 4 days (IQR=27 days) (Figure 1). Fourth, the interval analysis reflected time between dates of a positive test result or symptom onset, not date of infection, and did not account for duration of symptoms and prevention strategies, such as frequency of mask use. 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