The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. [106] The Young Women organization was first called the Retrenchment Association, and was intended to promote the turning of young girls away from the costly and extravagant ways of the world. Young was played by Dean Jagger in the 1940 film Brigham Young. ", invoking the name of the late Joseph Smith Jr, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement. The majority of Young's teachings are contained in the 19 volumes of transcribed and edited sermons in the Journal of Discourses. During the defense of Utah, now called the Utah War, Young held the U.S. Army at bay for a winter by taking their cattle and burning supply wagons. A young boy has died and his mother has been hospitalized after being attacked by a pack of dogs over the weekend, according to tribal authorities. [52] Young travelled east with Wilford Woodruff and George A. Smith from July to October 1843 on a mission to raise funds for the Nauvoo temple and its guesthouse. Chris Evans, Mark Ruffalo and More Avengers Praise Little Boy Who Saved Sister in Dog Attack. Ann Eliza Young was part of a larger anti-polygamy movement. The mint was closed in 1861 by Alfred Cumming, gubernatorial successor to Young. He also worked on the Kirtland Temple and went to a grammar school. If the circumstances of his life had worked out differently [he] might have become a captain of industryan Andrew Carnegie or John D. Rockefeller or a railroad builder. (Brigham Young was mistaken when he later testified that the meeting took place "some two of three months after the massacre" Young 1875.) [138] It was during this period that the controversial doctrine of blood atonement was occasionally preached by Young, though it was repudiated in 1889 and never practiced by members of the church. Oct 2019 - Apr 20211 year 7 months. Young negotiated with Stephen A. Douglas and agreed to lead church members out of Nauvoo in the spring in exchange for peace. He instituted a ban prohibiting conferring the priesthood on men of black African descent, and led the church in the Utah War against the United States. [121] The LDS Church has formally repudiated the doctrine as early as 1889,[122] and multiple times since the days of Young. His mother died of tuberculosis in June 1815. [129], Throughout his time as prophet, Young went to great lengths to deny the assumption that he was the author of the practice of priesthood denial to black men, asserting instead that the Lord was. On August 29, 1877, Brigham Young died in Salt Lake City at. [134], During 1856 and 1857, a period of renewed emphasis on spirituality within the church known as the Mormon Reformation took place under Young's direction. Brigham Young was probably the most oft-married man in 19th-century America. Trumpeter Keyon . Young performed the sealing ordinances for two of Joseph Smith's plural wives in early 1842. [44], During his time in Nauvoo, Joseph Smith introduced the doctrine of plural marriage among church leaders. The alleged rape came in the context of the bloody Mormon War of 1838, which saw the massacre of eighteen unsuspecting Mormon men and boys during an attack on a settlement by Missouri non-Mormons . Joe . On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. As part of the Reformation, almost all "active" or involved LDS Church members were rebaptized as a symbol of their commitment. Buchanan later pardoned Young. Harriet Amelia Folsom was Wife No. Crews are continuing cleanup of the area where hazardous materials including vinyl chloride, ethyl acrylate and isobutylene may have . [11] Their daughter, Elizabeth, was born on September 26, 1825. Young and his two daughters moved to Kirtland along with the Kimball family later that summer. For the decade prior the emigrants' arrival, Utah Territory had existed essentially as a theocracy led by Brigham Young. Questions to be propounded to Brigham Young on his examination as a witness in the case of John D. Lee and others, on trial at Beaver City, this 30th day of July, 1875, and the answers of Brigham . Brigham Young was also played by Terence Stamp in the 2007 film September Dawn. By 1870, it had all but disappeared from use.[108]. Bridger Walker and his sister. Following her death, he moved with his father to Tyrone, New York. [192], In another Death Valley Days episode in 1969, "Biscuits and Billy, the Kid", Michael Hinn (19131988) of the former Boots and Saddles western series was cast as Young. Young himself condemned the counterfeiting. [2] His last words were "Joseph! [8] This letter has yet to be found,[9] but accounts say that it asked Young what, if anything, should be done with the BakerFancher party camped at nearby Mountain Meadows. At Lee's sentencing, as required by Utah Territory statute, he was given the option of being hung, shot, or beheaded, and he chose to be shot. [89] Young organized the first Utah Territorial Legislature and established Fillmore as the territory's first capital. should serve the seed of Abraham; he should not be a ruler, nor vote for men to rule over me nor my brethren. Was not referring to his death, just the stabbing. Read a news summary of this talk. [86][87] He was sworn in by Justice Daniel H. Wells for a salary of $1,500 a year, and named as superintendent of Indian Affairs for an additional $1,000. Carter. According to Young, the matter was beyond his personal control, and was divinely determined rather than historically or personally as many assumed. An estimated 5,000 members were endowed between December 10, 1845 and February 1846. The 46-year-old was taken to the Royal Sussex County Hospital in Brighton, where he . On Sept. 11, 1857, a group of California-bound pioneers camping in southern Utah were murdered by a Mormon militia and its Indian allies. He was initially skeptical on whether or not the school's administration would allow the speech but received a message of encouragement from the administrator who reviewed his speech, telling him it was great and to . [26] His third child and first son, Joseph A. [20] There, Young saw Alpheus Gifford speak in tongues, and in response Young also spoke in tongues. The Compromise of 1850 instead carved out Utah Territory and Young was appointed governor. During time as prophet and governor, Young encouraged each bishop to establish a grade school for his congregation, which would be supported by volunteer work and tithing payments. [10] They first resided in a small house adjacent to a pail factory, which was Young's main place of employment at the time. The affidavit was created at John C. Bennett's request, after his excommunication and in conjunction with his distribution of false information combined with true information about the church's practice of polygamy. [68] With the repealing of Nauvoo's charter in January 1845, church members in Nauvoo lost their courts, police, and militia, leaving them vulnerable to attacks by mobs. Florence Claxton's graphic novel, The Adventures of a Woman in Search of Her Rights (1872), satirizes a would-be emancipated woman whose failure to establish an independent career results in her marriage to Young before she wakes to discover she's been dreaming. "[9], Young married Miriam Angeline Works, whom he had met in Port Byron in October 1824. One of the homes that Young helped paint in Auburn belonged to Elijah Miller and later to William Seward, and is now a local museum. In the appendix, Twain describes Young as a theocratic "absolute monarch" defying the will of the U.S. government, and alleges using a dubious source that Young had ordered the Mountain Meadows massacre. He was a brother of the Mormon prophet, Brigham Young (1801-1877). [146] Young's letter reportedly arrived on September 13, 1857, two days after the massacre. Never a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. [105], Within the church, Young reorganized the Relief Society for women in 1867, and created organizations for young women in 1869 and young men in 1875. The ninth of twelve children, Brigham was born into a life full of work. He also married in Nauvoo, but did not have children with: Augusta Adams Cobb, Susannah Snively, Eliza Bowker, Ellen A. Rockwood, and Namah K. J. In this case, the "real message" would have been that the Indians should be left to "do as they please." He was the second president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), from 1847 until his death in 1877. [8] Young reported having a strict Puritan-style Christian upbringing. Will Richardson spoke to KPHO and showed what he called bite marks on his 9-year-old son Matthew's neck and back. Materials are in English. [6] At age twelve, he moved with his parents to the township of Genoa, close to Cayuga Lake. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. After meeting Joseph Smith, Young joined the Church of Christ in April 9, 1832. A large slab of granite was put up on which he had the following words engraved: "Here 120 men, women and children were massacred in cold blood early in September, 1857. He joined the Nauvoo city council in 1841 and oversaw the first baptisms for the dead in the unfinished Nauvoo temple. "[104] The school broke off from the University of Deseret and became Brigham Young Academy in 1876 under the leadership of Karl G. Maeser,[104] and was the precursor to Brigham Young University. [81], After three years of leading the church as the President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, Young reorganized a new First Presidency and was sustained as the second president of the church on December 27, 1847 at Winter Quarters. In 1844, after the assassination of Mormon leader Joseph Smith by an angry mob in Illinois, the Mormons choose Brigham Young as their new leader and follow him to a new promised land in Utah. Brigham Young to Isaac C. Haight, 10 September 1857, Letterpress Copybook 3:82728, Brigham Young Office Files, LDS Church Archives. . [16] In 1831, five missionaries of the Latter Day Saint movementEleazer Miller, Elial Strong, Alpheus Gifford, Enos Curtis, and Daniel Bowencame from the branch of the church in Columbia, Pennsylvania to preach in Mendon. [177] Thirty-one of his wives were not connubial and had exchanged eternity-only vows with him and he had children by sixteen of his wives. [39], Under Young's direction, the quorum organized the exodus of Latter Day Saints from Missouri to Illinois in 1838. Marisa Tafoya Media. [92]:34, In 1851, Young and several federal officialsincluding territorial Secretary Broughton Harrisbecame unable to work cooperatively. He also provisioned the building of the Endowment House, a "temporary temple" which began to be used in 1855 to provide temple ordinances to church members while the Salt Lake Temple was under construction. Dates 1940-1970 Creator Mackay, Eleanor White (Person) Language of Materials Materials are in English. He also led the Anointed Quorum. Young's father was a farmer, and when Young was three years old his family moved to upstate New York, settling in Chenango County. Church historians. He also helped to convince Hyrum to accept polygamy. Young was involved in temple building throughout his membership in the LDS Church, making it a priority during his time as church president. He died of appendicitis in August of 1877. Only at the end, did Brigham Young sacrifice John D. Lee, when it became obvious that the Nation would have justice for the atrocity. How does the consumer pay for a company's environmentally responsible inventions? Haight and Dame were also the senior regional military leaders of the Mormon militia. [147], Before his death in Salt Lake City on August 29, 1877,[148] Young was suffering from cholera morbus and inflammation of the bowels. 19" was nothing short of a bombshell. Over the course of his nearly 40 years teaching at Brigham Young, Mr. Woodworth has served as an adviser for unofficial student beard clubs on several occasions. [94], Young supported slavery and its expansion into Utah, and led the efforts to legalize and regulate slavery in the 1852 Act in Relation to Service, based on his beliefs on slavery. Sanborn, Rhoda Mabel Young, 1863-1950 (Person) Language of Materials. When Amelia became part of the Young family in January 1863, she did not immediately move in with her sister-wives. Brigham Young had six sisters and four brothers. John Turner's biography states: "it remains unclear whether Young [] had sanctioned the bogus-making operation. Young's father, two brothers, and sister had already moved to Mendon before he did. On this mission he visited the family of his aunt, Rhoda Howe Richards. Provo, Utah: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University. Haight. After the exterior was completed on December 10, 1845, members received their temple endowments day and night, and Young officiated many of these sessions. No stranger to controversy in his lifetime, early Latter-day Saint leader Brigham Young is generating a little more mystery and contention these days from his graveyard. Brigham Young: Directed by Henry Hathaway. [24] Lee was executed by firing squad at Mountain Meadows on March 23, 1877. "[97] Seven years later in 1859, Young stated in an interview with the New York Tribune that he considered slavery a "divine institution not to be abolished". Young did not immediately accept the divine claims of the Book of Mormon. 3 (Fall 1987), pp. Brigham Young, (born June 1, 1801, Whitingham, Vermont, U.S.died August 29, 1877, Salt Lake City, Utah), American religious leader, second president of the Mormon church, and colonizer who significantly influenced the development of the American West. Conditions Governing Access. [177] A few of his wives served in administrative positions in the church, such as Zina Huntington and Eliza R. Snow. "[13], Historians debate whether the Haight letter absolves Young of any complicity. [175] The policy and practice of polygamy was difficult for many in the church to accept. [5] It is unclear whether Young held this view because of a possible belief that this specific group posed a threat to colonists or that they were responsible for past crimes against Mormons. [21] Young and Kimball spent the summer following their baptism conducting missionary work in western New York, while Vilate Kimball cared for Young's family. [Joseph Smith] was succeeded by one of the outstanding organizers of the 19th century, Brigham Young. The U.S. posted bounties of $500 each for the capture of Haight, Higbee, and Stewart, and prosecutors chose not to pursue their cases against Dame, Willden, and Adair. During his time as church president, Young led his followers, the Mormon pioneers, west from Nauvoo, Illinois, to the Salt Lake Valley. Sidney Rigdon, the senior surviving member of the church's First Presidency, argued there could be no successor to the deceased prophet and that he should stay Joseph's "spokesman" and become guardian of the church. Under his direction, the Mormons built roads and bridges, forts, irrigation projects; established public welfare; organized a militia; issued a "selective extermination" order against male Timpanogos[88] and after a series of wars eventually made peace with the Native Americans. Six Days in August: Brigham Young and the Succession Crisis of 1844 Ronald W. Walker Every Latter-day Saint knows the importance of the six days in August 1844 when Brigham Young and the Twelve Apostles were sustained at Nauvoo as Joseph Smith's successors. Brigham Young was the second president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, from 1847 until his death in 1877. [23] Young continued to preach in eastern Canada in the spring, and accompanied two Canadian converts to Kirtland in July 1833. [48][49][50] Young was one of the first men in Nauvoo to practice polygamy, and he married more women than any other polygamist while in Nauvoo. "[113] Young believed that sexual desire was given by God to ensure the perpetuation of humankind, and believed sex should be confined to marriage. A key element of the teachings of this group in Young's eyes was their practicing of spiritual gifts like speaking in tongues and prophecy. [79] Young spent just over a month in the Valley recovering from mountain fever before returning to Winter Quarters on August 31. It was only after the fact, and after the end of the Civil War, that Young slowly realized just how mistaken his hope in a sudden Millennium was: the perpetrators of the MMM were being sought by the Federal courts. Young was born shortly after his return. Van Vliet's mission was to inform Young that the US troops then approaching Utah did not intend to attack the Mormons, but intended to establish an army base near Salt Lake City and to request Young's cooperation in procuring supplies for the army. No. According to historian William P. MacKinnon, "After the war, Buchanan implied that face-to-face communications with Brigham Young might have averted the Utah War, and Young argued that a northsouth telegraph line in Utah could have prevented the Mountain Meadows Massacre."[6]. On. [47] Young married Lucy Ann Decker in June 1842, making her his first plural wife. This is due to differences in what scholars have considered to be a "wife". [154] In 1873, he announced that he would step down as president of the Deseret National Bank and of ZCMI, as well as from his role as trustee-in-trust for the church. This blog does not store any files on its server. They were from Arkansas." In the Season 5 mid-season finale, "False Prophets", Young's son, Phineas, attempts to murder his father. As governor, Young had promised the federal government he would protect migrants passing through Utah Territory, but over 120 men, women and children were killed in this incident. At the north end of the Beehive House was a family store, at which Young's wives and children had running accounts and could buy what they needed. "[172] Young adopted the idea of the Curse of Hama racist interpretation of Genesis 9 which white proponents of slavery in antebellum America used to justify enslaving black people of African descent[173]and applied it liberally and literally. [22] During the visit, Brigham spoke in a tongue that Smith identified as the "Adamic language". It is alarming to see how intensely and openly the family is under attack in contemporary society. [115][116][117] The LDS Church has since repudiated the AdamGod doctrine. 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